If we talk about Romans 11 in detail,

Romans 11 is a chapter in which Apostle Paul explains the relationship between Israel and Gentiles in God's salvation plan and emphasizes God's faithfulness and mercy. This chapter deals with the restoration of Israel and the salvation of the Gentiles, and ends with praise for God's wisdom and plan.

Summary of key findings

1. Israel’s rejection is not complete (verses 1-10)
   • Paul emphasizes that God has not abandoned his people.
   • The example of Elijah reminds us that He left 7,000 people who did not bow the knee to Baal.
   • In this way, it is explained that there are still those left by grace.
   • However, the majority of Israel became stubborn, and their eyes and ears became unable to recognize God.
2. Israel’s fall and the salvation of the Gentiles (verses 11-24)
   • Through Israel's fall, salvation came to the Gentiles, in order to make Israel jealous.
   • If Israel's failure became the world's riches, and their decline became the Gentiles' riches, their fullness would be an even greater blessing.
   • Paul warns the Gentiles to remember that they were grafted from the wild olive tree and not to be arrogant.
   • It explains that if the Gentiles were grafted in by cutting off natural olive tree branches, Israel, the original branch, can be grafted back in more easily.
3. Israel’s future restoration (verses 25-32)
   • I reveal the secret so that the Gentiles will not become arrogant.
   • Israel's obstinacy is partial and will last until the full number of Gentiles comes in.
   • The day will come when all Israel will be saved, and this is according to God's covenant and mercy.
   • Israel is considered an enemy when it comes to the gospel, but when it comes to election, they are loved by their ancestors.
   • God showed mercy to the Gentiles by causing Israel to disobey, and will eventually show mercy to Israel as well.
4. Praise for God’s wisdom and knowledge (verses 33-36)
   • Paul marvels at the depth of God's wisdom and knowledge.
   • God's judgments are unsearchable, and his ways are unsearchable.
   • “Who has known the heart of the Lord? Who was his counselor?”
   • All things come from God, come through Him, and return to Him.
   • To God will be glory forever and ever.

Detailed explanation

1. Israel’s rejection is not complete (verses 1-10)

• Paul uses himself as an example to prove that God has not completely abandoned Israel. He is from the tribe of Benjamin and was chosen by God.
• Just as God left those who were loyal to Him in Israel during the time of Elijah, there are still those who have been chosen by grace.
• However, the majority of Israel rejects God and, as a result, falls into spiritual ignorance and stubbornness.

2. Israel’s fall and the salvation of the Gentiles (verses 11-24)

• Salvation came to the Gentiles through Israel's fall, and this was God's plan to make Israel jealous.
• Paul warns the Gentiles to remember their position and not be arrogant. They were originally wild olive trees, but by grace they were grafted into true olive trees.
• It explains that God can graft back Israel, a natural branch, and suggests that God's grace and mercy will eventually return to Israel.

3. Israel’s future restoration (verses 25-32)

• Paul reveals this secret so that the Gentiles do not become arrogant. Israel's stubbornness is partial until the full number of Gentiles comes in.
• The day will come when all Israel will be saved, and this will be based on God's covenant and mercy. God will eventually restore Israel.
• Israel is considered an enemy of the gospel, but is loved by its ancestors in election. This means that God showed mercy to the Gentiles by causing them to disobey, and that He will also show mercy to Israel.

4. Praise for God’s wisdom and knowledge (verses 33-36)

• Paul concludes this chapter by praising God for his wisdom and depth of knowledge. God’s judgment and ways are beyond human understanding.
• “Who has known the heart of the Lord? God’s transcendence is emphasized through the question, “Who was his counselor?”
• We give glory to God, declaring that everything comes from God, through Him, and returns to Him.

conclusion

Romans 11 reveals that Israel's rejection is part of God's plan of salvation and explains God's mercy and plan for both Gentiles and Israel. Paul warns Gentiles not to become arrogant and praises God's faithfulness and wisdom. This shows how faithful and gracious God is in his plan to save all nations.